Dab tsi yog cov haujlwm ntawm lub niaj hnubCov kua dej qab zibCov Kab Ntau Lawm?

Tsim cov high -} Zoo kua roj av los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tsis yog muaj cov cav tov sib tw; Nws yog qhov ua tib zoo biChemical, sib cais, thiabEvaponction Conventration SystemCov. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, Kuv yuav nthuav dav txhua theem loj ntawm cov khoom muaj cov roj av muaj glupup, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tswj tsis tau, thiab piav qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Lub hom phiaj: Los muab cov txheej txheem ntshiab ntshiab thiab muab cov kev lag luam zoo nkauj thiab kev lag luam engineering rau hauv ntau cov kev lag luam- tawm ntawm kev siv zog, tawm los, thiab purity.

Cov Khoom Siv Raw Tuav Tes thiab Starch Extraction

Feedstock xaiv thiab tu

Cov kua roj hmab qab zib feem ntau pib nrog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab- nplua nuj, qoob loo, qos yaj ywm, lossis nplej rau).

Ua ntej, cov nplej zom lossis cov cag nyoos yog ntxuav (plua plav, pob zeb, cov teeb meem txawv teb chaws) thiab, yog tias xav tau, destoned lossis dehulled. Rau tuber chaw, peeting lossis kev ntxuav yuav tsum tau. Cov theem tu kom muaj cov kauj ruam khiav tawm mus ua ntu zus, kev paug, lossis enzyme inhibition los ntawm txhua yam impurities.

Nyob rau hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag, cov khoom siv raw yog soaked los yog stepted hauv dej (qee zaum nrog sulfur dioxide lossis draven fiber ntau, uas pab tau tom qab sib cais.

Milling, liquefaction, thiab STARCH sib cais

Tom qab soaking, cov khoom siv raw yog milled (ntub milling) kom ua rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab tso lwm yam. Lub slurry yog tom qab no fiber ntau, protein (gluten hauv pob kws / peat), thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau sib cais los ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus, centrifuges, lossis hydrocyclo.

Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab feem ntau undergoes ib tug ntxuav theem (ntau yam dej ntxhua) los txo soluble impurities (suab thaj, salts, solt cov protein). Cov kauj ruam ntxuav cov kauj ruam no pab kom paub meej tias cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nkag mus rau cov ntshiab.

Txij ntawm no, ib qho tau txais kev ncua ntawv STATCH (feem ntau, 30-40% cov khib nyiab) nrog txo cov fibrous, proteinaceous, thiab cigrant loads.

Gelatinization thiab liquefaction (ib nrab hydrolysis)

Txhawm rau hloov cov khoom muaj ntxhiab tsw granules rau soluble dextrins, ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau: gelatinization ua raws li liquefaction.

Gelatinization / Ua Noj

Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog rhuab nyob rau hauv cov mob uas tswj tau (piv txwv li, nyob ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, kom cov khoom siv granutein, thiab cov saw zoo nkauj / amylose. Qhov no "gelatinization" yog qhov tseem ceeb rau enzyme nkag.

Ph feem ntau hloov kho (kua qaub lossis cov kab calcium thiab calcium ions lossis ntsev yuav ntxiv rau ruaj khov thiab tswj cov viscosity. Ib qho me me ntawm thermostable - Amylase kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv thaum ntxov}} thickening.

Liquefaction ({- Amylase Action)

Thaum gelatinized, ib tug thermostable - Amylase hom -1,4 Glycosidic Bort, feem ntau tsim los ntawm cov saw phaj luv, txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv cov dextrins luv (Oligosaccharides). Cov kauj ruam no feem ntau khiav ntawm nce siab (piv txwv li}}}}}}

Qhov tshwm sim yog liquefied dextrin slurry slurry nrog txo viscosity, uas yooj yim dua los lis rau cov txheej txheem daccharification tom ntej.

Txij ntawm no, cov slurry tej zaum yuav diluted lossis txias me ntsis rau kev ua kom zoo rau cov xwm txheej rau cov theem tom ntej rau lub tom ntej enzymatic theem.

Saccharification (hloov dua siab tshiab rau cov piam thaj + maltose)

Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kab -}} Tig dextrins rau hauv cov piam thaj thiab cov ntses luv.

Kev xaiv enzyme, muab tshuaj, thiab kinetics

Ib txoj hauv kev zoo yog siv GLUCOAMLASS (tseem hu ua amyloglucosidase) uas yog -1,4 thiab -1,6 sib txuas los ntawm cov tsis muaj kev lag luam xaus, tso cov piam thaj glucose. Qee cov txheej txheem kuj ntxiv cov enzymes tshuab (piv txwv li Revulanase) kom tawg amylopectin ceg rau ntau dua tawm los.

Patents and literature suggest that high purity glucose syrups (>98% cov piam thaj rau cov khoom siv kom qhuav) tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov kev daws 0.30-1.0 ag

Cov xwm txheej no ntaus sib npaug: Me me enzyme lossis tsawg dhau kub → tsis tiav hydrolysis; Ntev dhau ib qho kev tiv thaiv lossis kev sib tw ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo → kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev tsis zoo, kev ua haujlwm, lossis cov xim sib txawv.

Saccharification Reactor Design

Cov Saccharification feem ntau ua rau hauv lub tank reactors (batch los yog txuas ntxiv cov tshuaj reactors). Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev sib xyaw yog qhov tseem ceeb: kub me ntsis ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis enzyme tsis ua hauj lwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm saccharification, cov khib nyiab feem ntau khaws cia (10-20%) kom tswj cov enzyme diffusion thiab tswj cov viscosity. Kev saib xyuas ntawm cov piam thaj ntau (ntawm HPLC lossis polarimetry) ua rau lub zog lim dej ib zaug ntxiv ib zaug qhov xav tau dextrose (tsib) lossis piam thaj ua kom tiav.

Thaum lub hom phiaj tau mus txog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog quenched (feem ntau los ntawm cua sov rau ~ 80℃rau enzyme denaturation lossis phua ua haujlwm).

Yog li xaus cov tub ntxhais hloov dua siab tshiab; Tus kwj deg tam sim no muaj cov piam thaj, maltose, unconverted oligosaccharides, thiab seem seem enzyme / inibitors.

Khoom raug tshem tawm ruaj khov, qhia meej, thiab decolorization

Tom qab Saccharification, The syrup sib tov muaj cov khoom siv zoo insoluble, cov protein, thiab xim {{} ua rau impurities. Cov no yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tau ntsib cov zaub mov -} qib specifications.

Khoom Siv Tsis Muaj / Centrifugation

Cov Saccharified sws yog dhau los ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej lossis centrifuges kom tshem tawm cov seem uas seem, enzyme aggregates, lossis insoluble seem. Qee cov txheej txheem siv lim xovxwm, ntaub lim ntaub, lossis cov ntxaij vab tshaus qeeb qeeb.

Yog tias cov protein nyob twj ywm (piv txwv li siv kev tiv thaiv, tshav kub sib cais, lossis cov kua qaub lossis cov kua qaub.

Decolorization / activated carbon adsorption

Txhawm rau kom muaj xim, ua haujlwm rau cov pa roj carbon (lossis lwm cov kab mob pob txha, cob qab) rau adsorb xim tebchaw, kub, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg. Hauv ntau kab, qhov no yog ua tiav hauv ob theem (ntxhib thiab zoo decolorization).

Tom qab kos adsorption, lub syrup tau lim dua kom tshem tawm cov carbon lossis adsorbent hais.

Ion pauv pauv (deionization) polishing

Thaum kawg, kom tau raws li lub roj teeb ntawm ion cov ntsiab lus tshauv (piv txwv cov ntsiab lus tshauv, cov kua roj av qis dhau los ntawm cation thiab anion sib pauv resins (hauv txaj lossis sib xyaw). Kauj ruam no pab tshem tawm cov ntsev uas cov ntawv sau tseg, inorganic ions, thiab kab hlau.

After this polishing, the syrup becomes a clarified, low-color, low-ion glucose syrup solution, ready for concentration.

Evaporation & conctration

Cov kua kom pom meej yog cov khoom noj (feem ntau 15-30% cov khib nyiab). Lub hom phiaj tom ntej yog los ua kom pom zoo rau nws rau cov ntsiab lus stows (piv txwv li}}}}}}}}}}}}, nyob ntawm cov khoom lag luam, caramelization, thiab siv hluav taws xob.

Qhov no yog qhov twg - Cov txiaj ntsig evaporators thiab MVR evaporators los rau hauv kev ua si nov, tsis yog kab lus.

Multi - Cov txiaj ntsig Evaporator (Mee) kev sib xyaw

Ib qho kev xaiv raug xaiv yog ntau -}} Cov txiaj ntsig evaporator (mee, ntau zaus 3-5 hnub nyoog). Nyob rau hauv mult {{4 4}} txheej txheem ua haujlwm, uas cov pa hluav taws xob ua kom cov nyhuv ua ntej, uas cov neeg muaj peev xwm ua tau cov nyhuv ua ntej, thiab lwm yam, yog li siv lub zog.

Hauv kev xyaum, poob - zaj duab xis, nce {{{2} {{1} -}}}}}} {2} Nyeem, fouling nyiam, thiab scaling. Tus qauv tsim kom tswj qhov sib txawv tsis tshua muaj qhov sib txawv los tiv thaiv syrup zoo (piv txwv li}} - 10 k ib qho nyhuv).

Hauv ib qho piv txwv, ib plaub - cov nyhuv poob zaj duab xis ncaj qha tuaj yeem noj 26%}}}} cov khoom hla plaub theem.

Qhov poob qis: txhua cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv txhais tau ntau cov cuab yeej siv, cov raj roj piping, cov hws, thiab nce peev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom tshiab tshiab thov tseem muaj; Ntau - effect tshuab tsis tshua muaj kev tshem tawm chav kev thov nkaus xwb.

MVR Evaporator(Tshuab vapor recompression) siv

Txhawm rau txo cov tshiab - Kev noj mov}} Niaj hnub nimno cov nroj tsuag txuas ib MVR Evaporate lossis Hybrid MVR + Mee Systems. Hauv ib qho MVR Evapator, qis {{{{{}} qhov vapor rov siv tshuab (piv txwv li ntawm qhov kub / siab thiab pub nws rov qab raws li cov cua sov vapor. Qhov no siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab sib npaug txo cov pa tawm sab nraud.

Vim tias qhov no, kev siv hluav taws xob (chav ua haujlwm tshiab) yog cov hneev taw tsawg, thiab cov hlab ntsha me me) piv rau cov kab mob tsis zoo.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg ua haujlwm nyuaj, peev nqi ntawm compressors, thiab cov kev xav tau rau kev ntseeg tau yog tsis muaj cai. Qee cov qauv tsim ua ke sib xyaw ua ke sib sau ua ke {{}}}} Cov txiaj ntsig evaporation nrog MVR ("MVR-augmented mee") kom tawm tsam kev sib hais haum.

Los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau yog qhov kawg ntawm cov kauj ruam {}}}}}}} cov khoom) xa mus rau sab nraud.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm

• Tswj Kub Tswj & Nqus: Ua haujlwm hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev kom qis dua npau npau (yog li txwv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob daws).
• Film Thickness & Flow Fossime: Nco ntsoov ntog - zaj duab xis los yog nyias-}} -} qhuav lossis fouling.
• Kev pheej hmoo & Crystallization pheej hmoo: saib xyuas thiab tswj cov qib thiab cov qib neeg uas tsis txhob tso nyiaj.
• Zog Tshuav & Recomion Recio: Hauv MVR, sizing lub compressor thiab cov recompression piv yog qhov tseem ceeb kom phim vapor thauj khoom thiab lub zog rov qab.
• Lub sijhawm nyob: Txo qhov tuav cia - mus txog txo cov kev puas tsuaj kub thiab kev tsim kho xim.

Khoom siv khoom, cia, thiab ntim khoom

Thaum cov syrup yog concentrated rau specification, nws nkag mus rau theem ua tiav thiab xa khoom.

• Txias thiab tuav -} rov qab blending: Ib feem yuav ua rau kom kho cov viscosity los yog muab cov qhab nia sib xyaw.
• Kawg Zoo Tshaj Tawm(Xim, Brix, Microbial load, realual ions).
• Cia Tso Tsheb Hlau Luam Insulated(Feem ntau nitrogen -}} -} roj fawm kib kev loj hlob).
• Tso rau ntim lossis cov chaw thau khoom(piv txwv li isto tso tsheb hlau luam, cov nruas, totes).

Cov nroj tsuag feem ntau tswj cov ntas yeej muaj peev xwm kom evaporation thiab xaus tau tuaj yeem khiav mus tsis tu ncua.

Txheej Txheem Txaus Siab (Thaiv Flow)

Ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim block - txaus cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj ntsha li niaj hnub zoo nkauj:

• Pub Hmoob Tu & Kev Sib Tw
• MILLING & STARCH ntxuav
• Gelatinization / Ua Noj
• Liquefaction (- Amylase)
• Saccharification (glucloamylase ± pullecase)
• Enzyme deactivation / Quenching
• Pom / khoom tshem tawm
• Decolorization / ACCANATED CARBON
• Ion Txauv Polishing
• Evaporation / conctration (meee / MVR)
• CUA TXIAS & KEV TXHAWB
• Khoom Cia & Chaw Tso Tawm

Ntawm txhua kauj ruam, kev tswj hwm ph, ntsuas kub, sib xyaw, cov sijhawm nyob hauv, enzyme noj, kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev sib npaug, Lub evaporation block yog qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm lub zog ntawm lub zog, tab sis cov nce toj

Kev Tshaj Tawm Kev Lag Luam - Offs, Cov Kev Ua Zoo Tshaj & Kev Sau Cov Lus Qhia (los ntawm kev paub)

Yield Vs. Purity Trade - tawm

Pushing saccharification to complete conversion (e.g. >98% cov piam thaj) yog ntshaw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txwv cov qab zib lossis tsim cov khoom lag luam, txo kev coj dawb lossis xim. Cov nroj tsuag tiag tiag feem ntau tsom rau qhov chaw qab zib (piv txwv li {}}}} - 98%) thiab vam khom cov kauj ruam polishing. (Saib cov lus qhia patents ntawm enzyme ntau npaum li cas / sijhawm)

Enzyme raug nqi thiab rov siv dua

Enzymes sawv cev rau tus nqi tseem ceeb. Qee cov nroj tsuag rov qab los yog cov feem tov enzyme (piv txwv li ntawm membrane sib cais) lossis kho kom haum rau enzyme dosing dynamically raws li pub hloov pauv.

Fouling, Scaling, Thiab Txij Nkawm

Impurities lossis cov khoom seem uas muaj taug txhuas ua rau fouling hauv cov pa hluav taws thiab evaporator leeg. Lub sijhawm ntxuav tu (CIP), anti {- kev kho mob, thiab cov nyiaj them rov qab yog cov nyiaj them.

Kev Txhim Kho Zog

Lub evaporation block yog qhov loj tshaj plaws tog. Cov kev xaiv uas muaj tswv yim ntawm ntau - Cov nyhuv, lossis hybrid, lossis hybrid yuav tsum txiav txim siab hauv lub zog hauv zos Ntau cov nroj tsuag kom ua kom zoo rau tus nqi qis dua (capex + Opex) tshaj 10-20 xyoo lub ntiaj teb.

Automation thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas

Niaj hnub nimzuv qab zib cov kab ua haujlwm tswj siab (PID Cov cuab yeej zoo txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig rov qab, txo kom drift, thiab tiv thaiv tawm ntawm - spec syrup.

Nplai -} Up thiab Modularization

Modular Seem lossis ntim cov khoom ntim khoom (tshwj xeeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob (shaaporification thiab hluav taws xob) tuaj yeem nrawm commissioning thiab txo kev pheej hmoo engineering kev pheej hmoo. Tab sis kev sib xyaw ua ke (piping, nqi hluav taws xob, kev ntsuas) nyob twj ywm tsis yog.

Sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: MVR Evaporator thiab ntau- Cov txiaj ntsig evaporator

Txhawm rau khi qhov no txhua qhov ua ke nrog koj cov ntsiab lus xav tau:

• Nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntws no, MVR Evaporator tau tso tawm ua qhov siab - kev ua tau zoo lub zog cuab yeej, rov qab siv zog rau hauv cov pa hluav taws xob cua sov thiab txo cov pa tshiab. Nws lub luag haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom kawg theem tab sis yog subordinate rau cov tub ntxhais biochemical hloov dua li cas.
• Qhov ntau - Cov txiaj ntsig evaporator tseem yog cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws (3-5 kev cuam tshuam) rau MVR, ua lag luam tawm peev ntawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
• Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cov kua dej ntws los ntawm tag nrho cov lus raws li cov khoom lag luam tau; Txhua tus txheej txheem thaiv pab txhawb rau kev hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab rau hauv cov kua dej huv, muaj cov kua roj zoo.

Xaus: Vim li cas cov txheej txheem no Architecture

Los ntawm lub tshuab lens engine, muaj qab zib roj ntau lawm yog ib qho kev sib zog sib cais (enzymes, art Paus, kev sib cais, tawm los, thiab cov kev txwv zoo.

Lub evaporation block (txawm tias mult - cov nyhuv lossis mvr) yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis yog Evaporator tuaj yeem khaws cia qis- purity pub.

Hauv kev coj ua, ib qho zoo -}} Tsim kab ntawv sib npaug:

• Siab hloov txiaj ntsig
• Qes xim thiab imprary load
• Tsawg tshaj fouling / downtime
• Zog txuag hluav taws xob (ntawm MVR lossis meee)
• Yooj thiab tswj

Qhov no "qab zib syrup lub Hoobkas sab hauv}}}}}}}} Kev tsim cov khoom loj, thiab ua lag luam tswj kev loj hlob hla txoj kab.